In previous protocols, alice needs to have a device which generates quantum. In blind quantum computation bqc, a client delegates her quantum computation to a server with universal quantum computers who learns nothing about the clients private information. Recently, distinctly different models have emerged, namely adiabatic and topological quantum computing. However, problems need to be solved in the practical use of blind quantum computation. Verifiable measurementonly blind quantum computing with. A twodimensional medium that supports abelian anyons has a topological.
In particular we consider the properties of anyons and their relation to topological quantum computation. We introduce a simple protocol for verifiable measurementonly blind quantum computing. Alice, a client, can perform only singlequbit measurements, whereas bob, a server, can generate and store entangled manyqubit states. Robert raussendorf university of british columbia title.
The oneway or measurement based quantum computer mbqc is a method of quantum computing that first prepares an entangled resource state, usually a cluster state or graph state, then performs single. Topological quantum computation caltech particle theory. Topological features of good resources for measurement. While quantum computers can achieve dramatic speedups over the classical computers familiar to us, identifying the origin of this quantum advantage in physical systems remains a major goal of quantum information science. A path towards classically driven blind quantum computation. Blind quantum computation protocol in which alice only. Pdf unconditionally verifiable blind quantum computation. Raussendorf and coauthors develop these ideas in the measurementbased quantum computation framework. Quantum spin models for measurementbased quantum computation.
We introduce anyons at the systemindependent level of anyon models and discuss the key concepts of protected fusion spaces and statistical quantum evolutions for encoding and processing quantum. A introduction traditionally, the main framework to explore quantum computation. Tqc qt qp qc the existence of topological phases of matter with nonabelian anyons would lead us to topological quantum computation. First we provide an introduction to anyons and topological models. Performing measurementbased quantum computation on the entangled qubits of an rhg lattice is more faulttolerant because of its topological structure. Blind quantum computing bqc allows a client to have a server carry out a quantum computation for them such that the clients input, output, and computation remain private. Measurementbased quantum computation is different from other approaches for.
Blind quantum computation is a new secure quantum computing protocol which enables alice who does not have sufficient quantum technology to delegate her quantum computation to bob who has a fullyfledged quantum computer in such a way that bob cannot learn anything about alices input, output, and algorithm. For example, measurementbased quantum computing mbqc, which is. On the other hand, in the quantum world, the situation is drastically different. We present an experimental demonstration of blind quantum computing in which the input, computation, and output all remain unknown to the computer. A central theme of quantum theory is the concept of indistinguishable particles also called identical particles.
Quantum computers, besides offering substantial computational speedups, are also expected to preserve the privacy of a computation. Raussendorf and briegels oneway quantum computing model raussendorf and briegel, 2001. Topological quantum computers are equivalent in computational power to other standard models of quantum computation, in particular to the quantum circuit model and to the quantum. Faulttolerant operations for universal blind quantum computation. W e further show that our pr otocol is a lso faulttolerant. In their protocol, alice has a classical computer and a quantum device that emits randomly rotated qubits. Tqc qt qp qc the existence of topological phases of matter with nonabelian anyons would lead us to topological quantum computation via unitary modular tensor categories. Deterministic entanglement distillation for secure double. Blind topological measurementbased quantum computation core.
Quantum computation is a novel way of information processing that allows, for certain classes of problems, exponential speedups over classical computation. Blind quantum computation is a novel secure quantumcomputing protocol that enables alice, who does not have sufficient quantum. As applications, we consider verified blind quantum computing with. Universal blind quantum computation anne broadbent institute for quantum computing, university of waterloo with.
We study the intrinsic computational power of entangled states exploited in measurementbased quantum computation. Topological quantum computation kitaev 97, flw 00 time. Macroscopically, topological order is defined and described by robust ground state degeneracy and quantized nonabelian geometric phases of degenerate ground states. We find fractal lattices of arbitrary dimension greater than one that all act as good resources for measurementbased quantum computation, and sets of fractal lattices with dimension greater than one that do not.
Faulttolerant operations for universal blind quantum. Greenbergerhornezeilinger statesbased blind quantum. Blind quantum computation is a novel secure quantum computing protocol that enables alice, who does not have sufficient quantum technology at her disposal, to delegate her quantum computation to bob, who has a fully fledged quantum. The rst proposed and demonstrated twoparty secure quantum cloud computation protocol is known as blind quantum computing. Universal blind quantum computation ubqc which allows a client to have a server carry out a quantum computation for her such that the clients inputs, outputs and computation remain perfectly private, and where she does not require any quantum computational power or memory. Chapter 2 kau man knot invariant and relation to physics 2. Topologically protected measurementbased quantum computation. The work provides a good reference for quantum computation and quantum information courses, allowing for students to become familiar with major points on the quantum information theoretical aspects of topological quantum computation and the advantages of topological quantum computation for quantum.
Blind quantum computation bqc is a new type of quantum computation model which can release the client who does not have enough knowledge and sophisticated technology to perform the universal quantum computation. Abstract for topological quantum computing for beginners, by john preskill i will describe the principles of faulttolerant quantum computing, and explain why topological approaches to fault tolerance seem especially promising. Quantum computation with topological codes from qubit to. This pedagogical introduction to topological quantum computation includes the following parts. Blind quantum computation protocol in which alice only makes measurements. Measurementbased quantum computation and symmetryprotected topological order by jacob miller b. Blind topological measurementbased quantum computation. A short introduction to topological quantum computation.
Blind quantum computation international journal of. Blind quantum computation is a protocol that permits an algorithm, its input and output to be kept secret from the owner of the computational resource doing the calculation. Besides blind brickwork state, bqc protocols based on blind topological states and affleckkennedy. Hayashi, verifiable faulttolerance in measurementbased quantum computation. A useful tool here is measurementbased quantum computation mqc, a computational framework utilizing the quantum entanglement found in manybody resource states. Bqc 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 is still a challenging research field, where a client has not enough quantum computability, and delegates her quantum computing to the. In measurementbased bqc model, entangled states are generally used to realize quantum computing. We exploit the conceptual framework of measurementbased quantum computation. The new paradigm of measurementbased quantum computation, where the processing of quantum information takes place by rounds of simple measurements on qubits prepared in a highly entangled. Basics of quantum computing and some recent results. Bob generates copies of a graph state, which is a universal resource state for measurementbased quantum computing. Emanuel knill, raymond laflamme, and gerard milburn show that optical quantum computing is possible with single photon sources, linear optical elements, and single photon detectors, launching the field of linear optical quantum computing. Their combined citations are counted only for the first article. Blind quantum computation of a singleserver case is a twoparty cryptographic protocol which involves a quantum computation server bob and a client alice who wants to delegate her quantum computation to bob without revealing her quantum.
Alice only needs to be capable of getting access to quantum. A useful tool here is measurementbased quantum computation mqc, a computational framework utilizing the quantum. Verified measurementbased quantum computing with hypergraph. We provide such a blind computation protocol for the class of functions which admit an efficient procedure to generate random inputoutput pairs, e.
Both suggest different architectures, and fault tolerant. Blind topological measurementbased quantum computation, t. A recent proofofprinciple experiment demonstrating blind quantum computation in an optical system has raised new challenges regarding the scalability of. Joseph fitzsimons oxford elham kashefi edinburgh 2. Topological quantum computation sits at the triple juncture of quantum topology, quantum physics, and quantum computation. Introduction to measurementbased quantum computation tzuchieh wei. The first blind quantum computing protocol was proposed by childs 6. Measurementbased and universal blind quantum computation anne broadbent 1, joseph fitzsimons,2, elham kashe.
Keisuke fujiis page quantum physics computation information. Pdf blind quantum computation is a novel secure quantumcomputing protocol that enables alice, who does not have sufficient quantum technology at her. Pdf blind topological measurementbased quantum computation. A gentle introduction eleanor rieffel and wolfgang polak the mit press cambridge, massachusetts london, england. Blind quantum computation is an appealing use of quantum information technology because it can conceal both the clients data and the algorithm itself from the server. Introduction to measurement based quantum computation. In physics, topological order is a kind of order in the zerotemperature phase of matter also known as quantum matter.
A recent proofofprinciple experiment demonstrating blind quantum. A delegated quantum computation protocol that includes three servers bob1, bob2 and bob3 and a client alice is proposed, which is with fourparticle. We say two knots are topologically equivalent if they can be deformed. Measurementbased universal blind quantum computation with. Measurementbased and universal blind quantum computation. Blind quantum computation is a novel secure quantumcomputing protocol that enables alice, who does not have sufficient quantum technology at her disposal, to delegate her quantum computation to bob, who has a fully fledged quantum computer, in such a way that bob cannot learn anything about alices input, output and algorithm. Unconditionally verifiable blind quantum computation physical. A gentle introduction eleanor rieffel and wolfgang polak.
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